Menkeu Serukan Pentingnya Pendanaan Berkelanjutan dalam Pertemuan Bank Investasi Infrastruktur Asia 2021

Menkeu pada Pertemuan Bank Investasi Infrastruktur Asia 2021
(Foto: Kemenkeu RI)

SELARAS dengan kepentingan nasional, kebijakan internasional di tengah pandemi terus didorong untuk membantu negara-negara pulih secara kuat dan berkelanjutan dari pandemi covid-19. Dalam Sidang Tahunan Keenam Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), Kementerian Keuangan menyerukan pentingnya dukungan AIIB untuk diarahkan pada pembiayaan perubahan iklim yang inovatif.

“Pembiayaan perubahan iklim merupakan langkah yang harus dilakukan saat ini oleh semua negara, termasuk Indonesia, sebagai negara berkembang. Namun, negara berkembang harus diberikan fleksibilitas dan tidak dipatok dengan standar yang sama dengan negara maju mengingat perbedaan kapasitas fiskal yang dimiliki,” jelas Menteri Keuangan (Menkeu) RI Sri Mulyani Indrawati selaku Dewan Gubernur AIIB pada sesi Diskusi Meja Bundar.

Sidang Tahunan Keenam AIIB ini diselenggarakan pada 26 sd 28 Oktober 2021 secara virtual di Dubai, Uni Emirat Arab (UEA), dengan tema Investing Today, Transforming Tomorrow. Pertemuan ini dihadiri 82 governor/alternate governor atau perwakilan negara anggota AIIB, termasuk Indonesia. Salah satu kegiatan sidang tahunan AIIB keenam ini ialah Diskusi Meja Bundar Dewan Gubernur yang membicarakan mengenai agenda: (i) pembiayaan iklim dan Persetujuan Paris serta (ii) keberlanjutan dukungan terkait dengan respons terhadap pandemi covid-19 dan pemulihan pascapandemi.

AIIB saat ini telah memiliki 103 anggota yang tersebar di enam benua dan telah menyalurkan pendanaan sebesar USD28 miliar untuk pembangunan infrastruktur dan konektivitas negara di kawasan Asia. Dalam penanganan pandemi, AIIB akan tetap mendukung negara anggota dan memobilisasi pembiayaan dari sektor swasta dalam mencapai kegiatan prioritas tematik pascapandemi covid-19. Selain itu, AIIB juga mendukung pendanaan kegiatan prioritas aksi mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim bagi negara anggota serta memobilisasi pembiayaan swasta agar sesuai dengan prinsip environmental, social, and governance (ESG).

Selama 6 tahun berdiri, Indonesia juga telah menerima manfaat yang signifikan dari AIIB untuk pembiayaan infrastruktur. Sebagai buktinya, Indonesia merupakan negara terbesar kedua dalam penerima manfaat berupa pendanaan pembangunan dari AIIB. Indonesia juga merupakan ke-8 terbesar pemodal AIIB dengan porsi kontribusi 3,18% terhadap total modal AIIB bersama Tiongkok, India, dan Rusia.

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Dalam 2 tahun terakhir, AIIB memfokuskan kegiatan investasinya ke arah respons terhadap pandemi dan pembangunan infrastruktur berkelanjutan. AIIB mengalokasikan sebesar USD2,899 juta untuk Indonesia yang dibagi menjadi dana COVID-19 Crisis Recovery Facility (CRF) hingga April 2022 sebesar USD1,500 juta dan untuk infrastruktur sebesar USD1,399 juta. Melalui kerja sama dengan AIIB, Kementerian Keuangan kedepannya akan berupaya memperkuat investasi ke infrastruktur berkelanjutan.

“Terkait dengan transisi menuju ekonomi rendah karbon secara global, dimensi ekonomi dan moral dari transisi ini perlu diterjemahkan pada prinsip hukum dan peraturan. Prinsip-prinsip ini kemudian perlu kita observasi. Negara maju mempunyai kewajiban untuk membantu negara berkembang dalam melawan perubahan iklim dan transisi untuk menurunkan emisi dengan proses transisi adil dan terjangkau (just and affordable transition),” imbau Menkeu.

Menteri Keuangan juga menunjukkan kepemimpinan Indonesia dalam transisi energi melalui peluncuran kemitraan dengan Bank Pengembangan Asia (Asian Development Bank) untuk melakukan studi terkait dengan Mekanisme Transisi Energi atau Energy Transition Mechanism (ETM) pada pertemuan United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26). Program ini akan memungkinkan penghentian PLTU batu bara dan bergeser ke energi terbarukan. Namun, untuk dapat mencakup seluruh PLTU, program ini akan membutuhkan investasi yang besar.

“Kita membuka diri untuk bekerja sama dengan pihak-pihak yang tertarik, termasuk AIIB, guna mereplikasi, meningkatkan, dan menyukseskan instrumen transisi energi ini,” tutup Sri Mulyani.

Dalam pertemuan ini, Presiden AIIB Jin Liqun menyampaikan laporan perkembangan operasional AIIB dengan mengacu pada kegiatan prioritas tematik pada infrastruktur hijau, konektivitas dan kerja sama regional, infrastruktur yang mendukung teknologi, serta mobilisasi modal swasta. AIIB tetap berkomitmen membantu pembiayaan negara anggota melalui fasilitas COVID-19 Crisis Recovery Facility (CRF) hingga April 2022 dan juga fasilitas Special Fund Window (SFW) untuk negara berpenghasilan rendah. Sidang Tahunan AIIB berikutnya akan diselenggarakan pada 26 sd 27 Oktober 2022 di Moskow, Rusia. (RLS/J1)

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